Showing posts with label due process. Show all posts
Showing posts with label due process. Show all posts

Friday, September 19, 2014

David Anderson QC, Shaker Aamer and Anti-Terrorism Laws in the UK

As part of a review of investigatory powers prior to the general election in 2015 announced by Theresa May MP, the Home Secretary, to be carried out by the independent reviewer of terrorism legislation, David Anderson QC, a call for submissions was made https://terrorismlegislationreviewer.independent.gov.uk/review-of-communications-data-and-interception-powers/ (open until Friday 3 October 2014).

In response to this call, an LGC activist made an independent submission to draw awareness to the case of British resident Shaker Aamer, still held in Guantánamo Bay, given that David Anderson QC is the independent advisor to government on the highly sensitive issues of counter-terrorism and counter-radicalisation. In spite of his legal credentials, his response was a referral to reports that support the idea that it might not be unfair to condemn someone without evidence and abuse and imprison them without charge or trial, based simply upon unfounded suspicion and prejudice. Such views put forward by a senior legal figure appointed by the British government undermines the government's claims that it is committed to the rule of law and Mr Aamer's quest for freedom after having been held for almost 13 years without charge or trial and the least due process.



"26 August, 2014.

Dear David Anderson
Evidence for Investigating Powers Review

You have rightly commented that counter-terrorism is an important task that cannot be accomplished through legislation alone. The cooperation of individuals and communities is a vital element in countering “radical” ideas and indoctrination. It is important that those responsible for setting agendas for social responsibility, for civilising values, for cooperative and tolerant attitudes and behaviour, for acceptance and tolerance of difference, and for the setting of examples and inspiring virtuous and humane aspirations, as well as their various audiences, should feel valued, comfortable, and at ease with UK society and government.


I wish to draw your attention to the situation of Shaker Aamer, his family and supporters and many who have been actively campaigning, with no visible result, for over seven years. Shaker and his family decided that the Islamic commitment to supporting charity through contributions to the Friday collections was inadequate. Accordingly the entire family relocated to Afghanistan to do charitable work. After 9/11 the American ‘cavalry’ charged in with a mission to exact brutal retribution on anyone they determined, without evidence, could possibly have been implicated in the establishment of an Afghanistan-based terror machine. His wife and family escaped via Pakistan and have awaited, in Battersea, the return of their much loved father and husband since 2001. Shaker has been appallingly treated. He was cleared by six security agencies as being of no value as a Guantanamo prisoner in 2007. (This is security apparatus speak for: he is innocent, should never have been detained, has no evidence of any wrong-doing or malicious intent against his name, has no intelligence value and should be released immediately as his continuing imprisonment is a further gross injustice, compounding all previous injustices, and a cost and burden on the government of the United States.) For lack of any evidence or hint of wrong-doing he has never been charged or tried and there are no proposals to do so.


David Cameron. William Hague and Nick Clegg have all pledged to engage with US authorities to secure his release and return but since there are no results their pledges ring decidedly hollow. Jane Ellison MP for Battersea was comparatively active till promoted to a ministerial post. This government instituted an epetition scheme to enable issues of concern to electors to be properly aired. Over 117,000 signatures were collected for Shaker Aamer. I am certain that many times the number could have been were organisation better coordinated, and certainly there are many thousands who know and understand the story – and feel aggrieved at the treatment of an innocent charity worker simply because he was a Muslim charity worker in Afghanistan. The promised Parliamentary debate has not even been scheduled and there is no evidence that action is even in prospect. Records show that Britain was covertly complicit in Shaker’s treatment and suspicion naturally gravitates towards an explanation for delay implying that government embarrassment is the cause of Shaker’s continuing imprisonment. When I talk to Muslims particularly they are often inclined to express frustration over injustice, bigotry and prejudice. Nor are feelings of scepticism, betrayal and injustice confined to Muslims. Government inaction cannot be viewed in a positive light by anyone and procrastination and delays simply confirm in the minds of those, inclined to suspicion of government motives and intentions, that justice and treatment of Muslims is of a secondary order to the rest of UK society; and injustices are the result of government prejudice against Islam generally. I don’t believe this is at all helpful to community relations. I have repeatedly attempted to draw government’s attention to this issue without result. I have written to the Intelligence and Security Committee and to COBRA but my concerns were brushed off. Your predecessor, Lord Carlisle seemed also to be distinctly underwhelmed.


If what you said about perceptions and community relations was meant I would urge that you urgently make representations to anyone who will actually listen and get those in positions of responsibility and influence to take some effective action to bring Shaker back and reunite a family whose only motive for travelling to Afghanistan was to do something effective to make life better for others. For those in authority and power, who repeatedly like to point fingers of responsibility elsewhere, I can only say that the perception is that they are responsible for inaction and continued injustice, whatever I or anyone else says. It is not easy to accept a proposition that the UK government is powerless to effect the release and return of an innocent husband and father to his family in Battersea when the USA authorities themselves have cleared him for release in 2007, and again since, and have determined that there is no evidence of any wrong-doing whatsoever against him. Government correspondence is diverted through a Whitehall department called the Counter Terrorism Office which it is understood is staffed by former MI5 and MI6 officers whom it is widely believed have disincentives for actioning the release of Guantanamo prisoners; innocent or no. For their own sakes, for those with power and influence,  and for everyone else’s sake therefore it would be best to bite the bullet and resolve the issue now before further time and distrust are able to continue to corrode community relations. This must make good sense for you and colleagues who are attempting to resolve potential problems of “radicalisation”.  


I do look forward with great interest to your response and, judging by your own very sensible observations, sincerely hope that you will use your good offices to draw attention to the widespread perceptions of hypocrisy in this matter, urging that speedy and urgent action be taken now. I look forward to your response with hope and anticipation."

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He received the following response on 8 September 2014:

Thank you for your thoughtful and courteous letter of 26 August.
 
What you say about Shaker Aamer is of great interest, though some of it is not uncontroversial (for another perspective, see this article from 2012: http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052970204468004577164904145708474).
 
Though I consider Guantanamo to be a serious blot on the record of the United States in the “war against terror”, I regret that I am in no position to take a view on contested facts in the case of Shaker Aamer, still less to add my voice to the campaign for his release.  My statutory functions begin and end with the review of certain specific UK counter-terrorism legislation.  Though as you point out in the title of your letter I shall also be conducting an Investigatory Powers Review over the next few months, it does not appear that the issues you raise fall within the scope of that review either.
 
I am sorry not to have more encouraging news.
 
Yours sincerely,
 
David Anderson


Monday, April 29, 2013

LGC Newsletter – April 2013



NEWS:
British Residents:
The e-petition calling for the return of Shaker Aamer to the UK closed on 20 April with over 117,000 signatures http://epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/33133 Many thanks to everyone who signed the petition and worked hard to get others to sign.
The result of the hard work by campaigners across the UK and Shaker Aamer’s MP Jane Ellison (Conservative: Battersea) was that his case was discussed by the Backbench Committee which Ms Ellison is a member of leading to a public debate on 24 April. At the debate, Ms Ellison and other backbench MPs were able to put questions to Foreign Office Minister Alistair Burt. In the debate, the transcript of which can be read here: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmhansrd/cm130424/halltext/130424h0001.htm#13042445000001 Ms Ellison coherently put forward the case for Mr Aamer’s release to the UK, given the fact that the US does not consider him a threat and cleared him for release over 6 years ago. She was supported by other backbench MPs including Caroline Lucas (Green), Yasmin Qureshi, Kerry McCarthy, Jeremy Corbyn and John McDonnell (Labour). Mr McDonnell asked for the Foreign Secretary to raise concerns with the US ambassador “to say that this Government have had enough” and asked that the Prime Minister call Barack Obama to insist on the release of Shaker Aamer. However, in spite of a well-attended debate in which relevant questions raised by MPs concerning why Mr Aamer continues to remain at Guantanamo Bay more than 11 years after he was kidnapped, Mr Burt’s responses were largely those given by the government over the past 6 years or so and he provided no firm assurances on any of the questions posed. He also stated that the Foreign Office accepted assurances from the US that Shaker Aamer’s health was being taken care of and that he had only been cleared for transfer to Saudi Arabia. In response to a question from Caroline Lucas MP, who described the debate as “increasingly Kafkaesque”, as to why the US will not release Shaker Aamer, Mr Burt replied “I have a supposition about why the United States might want to retain Mr Aamer” but did not comment further on this.
Jane Ellison will return to the Backbench Committee and will seek to set up a formal debate with a motion on Shaker Aamer’s return being voted on in parliament. This may take place at the end of next month or June. There was good cross-party representation at the debate, showing the importance of Mr Aamer’s case and the closure of Guantánamo Bay to all parties, yet the Liberal Democrats were noticeably absent and not represented at the debate.
On the Sunday prior to the debate, the following article by Shaker Aamer was published in the Observer newspaper: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/21/shaker-aamer-guantanamo-bay in which he described the horror of the hunger strike he has been on for over two months and the violence faced by prisoners; he concluded by stating “I hope I do not die in this awful place. I want to hug my children and watch them as they grow. But if it is God's will that I should die here, I want to die with dignity. I hope, if the worst comes to the worst, that my children will understand that I cared for the rights of those suffering around me almost as much as I care for them.” 
While the US Department of Defence refuses to name those currently on hunger strike, it has named those being force fed. Both British residents Shaker Aamer and Ahmed Belbacha are reported as being force fed against their will by Reprieve: http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/04/26/3366805/some-force-fed-captives-are-cleared.html 

Guantánamo Bay:
The current hunger strike at Guantánamo Bay has gone beyond 80 days with no sign of an end in sight. Although the prison officials currently put the number of prisoners on hunger strike at over 100 with almost 20 being force fed to keep them alive and almost a dozen having passed out due to weakness, their lawyers maintain that nearly all of the prisoners, more than 130 have been on hunger strike since early February. The situation that many of them face is critical. Doctors state that after 50 days on hunger strike, organ failure and permanent internal damage can ensue; thus, even if this hunger strike does not prove to be fatal in the short term, it may be so in the longer term. Of the seven out of nine deaths at Guantánamo Bay that the authorities claim were “suicides”, all of the deceased men had engaged previously in lengthy hunger strikes at the prison. Lawyers for the prisoners have, however, reported that there have been some suicide attempts over the past few months.
The hunger strike failed to grab the attention of the mainstream media until violence entered the equation on 13 April. On the morning after the Red Cross conveniently left Guantánamo Bay on a visit to monitor the health of the prisoners, a key part of its purpose, the military command at Guantánamo Bay, which had previously denied there was a real hunger strike at the prison, stated that it had tried to forcefully remove prisoners from their cells and separate hunger strikers, resulting in “violent” clashes – between debilitated men who had not eaten food for over two months and were “armed” with empty plastic bottles and broom heads and US military officers who fired plastic bullets at them – in order to remove the men by force: http://www.southcom.mil/newsroom/Pages/MEDIA-RELEASE-Commander-Orders-Single-Cell-Detention-at-Guantanamo-Bay-for-Continued-Detainee-Health-and-Security.aspx Lawyers for the prisoners had already reported that the hunger strikers were being intimidated in various ways to deter them, including by removing personal items from their cells, separating non-hunger striking prisoners from the general population, depriving them of clean and regular water, etc. The above press release shows that the military command has lost considerable control over the prisoners who are united in their action. This action further exacerbated the “official hunger strike” as within one week, the US military admitted that many more prisoners “had joined the hunger strike”. Furthermore, prisoners have reported that more prisoners are not being force fed due to a lack of equipment and medical personnel at Guantánamo Bay to deal with the situation. While the hunger strike has now come to the public attention, this has not led to serious attempts to remedy either the hunger strike or the situation there: more than eleven years of imprisonment with charge or trial with no end in sight. It also emerged shortly afterwards that the White House had been briefed about the cell raid before it took place: http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/04/15/3345952/white-house-was-alerted-ahead.html

As a result the prison has been on almost-complete lockdown since as well.
In a court case brought by one of the prisoners for relief, Musaab al-Madhwani, whose lawyer stated he was dying as a result of the hunger strike, the judge said he could not intervene as he had no jurisdiction over the hunger strike and Mr al-Madhwani had voluntarily participated in the hunger strike and endangered his own health. http://www.politico.com/blogs/under-the-radar/2013/04/judge-wont-weigh-in-on-guantanamo-hunger-strike-161681.html


Protests have been held all over the world, including Kuwait, Yemen and a day of protest action took place in over 20 cities in the US on 11 April, as well as a letter to President Obama signed by 25 US human rights NGOs
http://ccrjustice.org/files/2013.4.11_GTMO%20Coalition%20Letter%20to%20President%20Obama_0.pdf. Please see below in “LGC activities” for details of various actions held in London over the past month.
Human Rights Watch has produced this recent statement on the hunger strike: http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/04/25/guantanamo-bay-and-indefinite-detention-hunger-strike-continues
The hunger strike at Guantánamo Bay has produced one of the most moving and perhaps best articles of this year: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/15/opinion/hunger-striking-at-guantanamo-bay.html?_r=1&
Former Chief Prosecutor at Guantánamo Bay Colonel Morris Davis has also been outspoken in condemning the hunger strike and ongoing imprisonment there: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rChqhWVJd5Y&feature=youtu.be

Six of the prisoners at Guantánamo Bay face charges and trial by military commission. Pre-trial hearings in the case of Abd Al-Nashiri, accused of involvement in attacks on US navy ships in the Gulf area around 2000 were due to resume in mid-April but have been set back to 11 June after it was reported that defence legal documents had disappeared from a Pentagon computer just days before. Al-Nashiri’s lawyers had already asked for the hearing to be postponed so they could investigate the extent of interference with their legal documents and e-mails which are confidential, including possible spying. A pre-trial hearing for five other prisoners accused of involvement in the 9/11 attacks, due to take place on 22 April, was also set back. http://rt.com/usa/guantanamo-hearing-delayed-documents-710/ Issues over the procedures at “trials” over the past few months only further demonstrate how absurd the military tribunal process is.



Omar Khadr’s Canadian lawyer has reported that an appeal will be filed shortly in the US against his 2010 conviction before a military tribunal, for which he is currently serving the rest of his sentence at the Milhaven Institution in Canada, where the parole board has recently denied him day release on the basis that he is a “convicted terrorist”, failing to acknowledge the circumstances in which the conviction was made. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/canadian-omar-khadr-to-appeal-terrorism-convictions/article11587422/ If his appeal is successful, which it is likely to be in light of the recent overturning of military tribunal convictions in the US federal courts, Omar Khadr should be released immediately. However, the Canadian Public Safety Minister Vic Toews, who also sits on the parole board, has stated that regardless of the outcome of his appeal, the final decision rests with the parole board. Not only does Canada not recognise the rule of law or right to a fair trial for its citizens, or acknowledge international law, but in stating thus, it is hinting that it is prepared to imprison an innocent man knowingly. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/omar-khadrs-freedom-in-ottawas-hands-despite-us-appeal-safety-minister-insists/article11596038/

The DC Circuit court has allowed the US government to rehear its case against Yemeni Ali Hamza Al-Bahlul, the only Guantánamo prisoner serving a life sentence, and who won his appeal earlier this year overturning his conviction. The US government had three months to appeal and is being allowed to have the case reheard before an appeal court, and taking in the Hamdan ruling which led to the first Guantánamo conviction being overturned last year: http://www.lawfareblog.com/2013/04/breaking-news-d-c-circuit-grants-en-banc-rehearing-granted-in-al-bahlul/

Extraordinary rendition:
On 16 April a new report was published by the Constitution Taskforce, “an independent, bipartisan, blue-ribbon panel charged with examining the federal government’s policies and actions related to the capture, detention and treatment of suspected terrorists during the Clinton, Bush and Obama administrationshttp://detaineetaskforce.org/report/
The report looks into detention and prisoner treatment in Afghanistan, Iraq, Guantánamo Bay and elsewhere. The report spoke to various people across the board, including former prisoners, military and political personnel, lawyers and analysts, and is critical of detention at Guantánamo Bay and the use of torture by the US in the “war on terror”.

LGC Activities:
The April LGC “Shut Down Guantánamo!” demonstration was attended by 6 people. The next demonstration will be on Thursday 2 May at 12-1pm outside the US Embassy, Grosvenor Square, W1A and then 1.15-2.15pm outside Speaker’s Corner, Marble Arch (Hyde Park): http://www.facebook.com/events/595222883835154/ This demonstration will be in solidarity with the Guantánamo hunger strikers.

On 6 April, to mark the start of the third month of the hunger strike and to highlight the mainstream media’s failure to acknowledge it, the LGC held a “hunger games” action involving four groups of volunteers going around well-known tourist spots in London dressed in orange jumpsuits and black hoods with a relevant newspaper headline about the hunger strike to raise awareness. Pictures of the action can be seen at: https://picasaweb.google.com/108979487129034696683/LondonSolidarityAsGuantanamoHungerStrikeEnters3rdMonth6April Many thanks to all our wonderful volunteers for a very creative and successful awareness-raising action.




In respect to the escalating violence at Guantánamo Bay on 13 April, the LGC held an emergency demonstration outside the US Embassy in solidarity with the hunger strikers on 18 April. Around 20 people attended and we were joined by veteran US peace activist Medea Benjamin from anti-war group Code Pink. https://picasaweb.google.com/108979487129034696683/DemonstrationInSupportOfTheGuantanamoHungerStrikersUSEmbassyLondon18April
Ms Benjamin led a discussion on what we can do as a global community about the hunger strike which has led to the launch of a global day of action about the hunger strike to coincide with its 100th day on 17 May. Please contact us for more UK details about that.
Videos of the discussion and the demonstration can be viewed at:

Aisha Maniar from the LGC spoke to the Islam Channel about the hunger strike and the plight of Shaker Aamer on 18 April. She also spoke to 786 Radio in South Africa about the hunger strike and contributed to a BBC World Service programme World Have Your Say broadcast on 21 April http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0175w4c on the closure of Guantánamo.

Please sign the following petition and statement about the hunger strike:


Tuesday, August 10, 2010

Guantánamo Bay: Military Tribunal for Child Soldier Starts Today








The first military trial since Nuremberg for alleged offences committed as a minor starts today at Guantánamo Bay and is expected to continue until 27 August at least. Although dozens of teenagers have been held at Guantánamo Bay and several have been charged, Omar Khadr, a 23-year old Canadian today becomes the first person to be tried at Guantánamo Bay under its flawed military commissions regime since Obama took power and the first person to be tried for war crimes allegedly committed as a minor since World War II.

Omar Khadr has never been treated as a child prisoner in over eight years at Guantánamo Bay. Beaten, abused, threatened with rape and death to coerce confessions, he has been denied his right to an education, adequate medical and legal representation and care and his constitutional rights as a Canadian through his government’s consistent refusal to help him through repatriation. Today he is being denied his right to a fair “trial”. Omar Khadr is under no illusion as to the illegal and unfair process he is being subjected to as the world watches with little concern.

In Germany, meanwhile, an 88-year old former Nazi prison guard about to stand trial for involvement in the deaths of over 400,000 Jews at Belzec will do so before a juvenile court as the alleged crimes were committed when he was 20 and was thus a minor at the time. International law considers child soldiers to be victims and not criminals. There are estimated to be over half a million children (under 18) involved in armed conflicts around the world and the precedent being set by the United States today in trying Omar Khadr could prove to be dangerous and prejudicial to others in a similar, precarious situation. Omar Khadr’s trial has been condemned by the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Children in Armed Conflict and the head of UNICEF.

After eight years of arbitrary detention, abuse, torture, threats and gross violations of his human rights, Omar Khadr faces the prospect of life imprisonment, a sentence prohibited under international law for crimes committed by minors. Last month he rejected a plea bargain by prosecutors who offered him a five-year sentence if he admitted to killing American soldiers in Afghanistan in 2002.

Omar Khadr is a victim of the war in Afghanistan, the “war on terror”, the misguided foreign policies of the US and Canada and the complacency of the international community, yet today he stands trial as an adult based on evidence coerced through torture and which even leaked Pentagon documents have admitted is tenuous at the very best.

The London Guantánamo Campaign, which holds a monthly demonstration outside the US Embassy in Mayfair calling for the closure of Guantánamo Bay, Bagram and other torture and arbitrary detention facilities around the world, held an extended two-hour demonstration on Friday 6 August outside the US Embassy. Ten people attended the demonstration. Although the US Embassy was the venue, the London Guantánamo Campaign also calls on the Canadian government to repatriate Mr. Khadr immediately which would have been the logical and most appropriate way of dealing with its human rights abuses and those of its southern neighbours in the USA.

The London Guantánamo Campaign has also set up the following petition which will be sent to the American ambassador in London Louis Susman at the end of this week: http://www.gopetition.com/petition/38137.html

Amnesty Canada’s Secretary General Alex Neve will be attending and blogging from the trial everyday. Updates can be read at: http://www.amnesty.ca/blog_post2.php?id=1900
Amnesty USA is likely to do likewise next week.

Photographs: Copyright: RK Wolff